This course teaches General comparison of solids liquid and gases. The liquefaction of gases and critical state. Boiling point. Freezing point. Sublimation. Viscosity of liquids. Vapour pressure of solution. Ideal solution and Raoult’s law. Non-ideal solution and Henry’s law. Boiling point of solutions containing volatile compounds. Immiscible components. Dilute solutions containing non-volatile solutes. Colligative properties: Vapour pressure lowering, boiling point elevation, freezing point lowering and osmotic pressure. The Nerst Distribution law. the colloid state: preparation and properties of hydrophilic and hydrophobic colloid. Stability of colloids. Separation of solid. Surface phenomenon and adsorption. Chromatography: gas, solid and liquid